1. We are going to watch the sound section of the excellent Robert Kolker CD Rom, Film, Form & Culture in class and will discuss the differences in sound use with specific reference to classical Hollywood texts such as Vertigo as compared to Dogma 95 classics such as Festen. Your first task is to take collaborative notes based on this CD-Rom:

Robert Kolker notes:


2. Your second task is a homework assignment and will necessitate you going here, to find a glossary of new terms associated with sound. Your job is to find or rip a video clip, which demonstrates one of the terms and embed the clip (via You Tube etc) below, with an explanation of what the term means.

JoJo:
Hyper Real Sound
This means an overly exaggerated sound compared to a sound in real life.
Usually used to distinguish one sound from a clutter of sounds.
In this clip from Saw, Hyper real sound are used for the movement of the machines and when the time is ticking down. This hyper real sound emphasizes the tension, the danger which fits the context and engages the audience.
Watch in High Quality:



Serena Fung:
Production Sound
The sound recorded at the actual location of principal photography, whether on-stage at a movie lot or on-location. It can be difficult to get usable dialogue or other sounds at time of filming, especially on-location. Background sound such as honking horns or shouting people or even the noises of the film crew itself can obscure dialogue or otherwise produce an effect that the director does not want in the sound of the film. - www.filmsound.org

In this video, Chris Munro, the Production Sound Desinger of Quantum of Solace will explain the production sound designer's roles in producing a film.



Dimple:
Pilot: A sample of a proposed television series. It is the first step towards the development of a television series. They are used to see whether or not the audience will accept the series and to predict if the series will be successful.

This is an example of a Pilot episode from the popular hit series 'Friends'


Ronny
Sound Motif
A sound effect, tune that is associated to a particular character, setting, situation or idea in the film. The use of the sound motif helps engage the audience emotionally with the particular characters actions, arrival or intervention. It can also be used to clarify the narrative of the characters.
Sound motifs help with the understanding of the film involving lots of characters, so the audience is able to identify the character through their sound association. It can also be used to put the film together, help maintain the development of the narrative and the theme.

An example from M (d. Fritz Lang)...



Mirella
Rendering
Rendering is the use of sounds to convey a particular mood or feelings that are associated with the situation on the screen. In cinema, the sounds of small actions (such as opening a window) are greatly exaggerated even though in real life, these types of sounds are very quiet and are not noticed.

The audience takes these sounds to be truthful and fitting although if you were the reproduce the scene in reality, the sound would not be as obvious.

The clip I have chosen is a deleted scene from the movie, Girl, Interrupted. At the beginning, you hear the sound of birds clearly which convey a 'normal and bright' day. You also hear Lisa fiddling around in the background and the click of the lighter as the nurse lights her cigarette which helps emphasize the events going on.




Gideon
Diegetic Sound

Diegetic sound is Sound (of which its) source is visible on the screen or implied to be present in the action of the film. Instances of where diegetic sound is in use is with the use of voices of characters, sounds made by objects in the video/story or music that is represented as coming from instruments in the video/story. It is any sound that is presented form within the film's world.

An example of Diegetic Sound


Non Diegetic Sound
Diegetic sound is sound that (of which it's) source is not visible on the screen or has not been implied to be present. Instances where this is used are as follows: during the Narrator's commentary, Sound effects that are added for dramatic effect, and music that is associated with the mood of a character. It is the sound that is represented as coming from a source that is outside the 'story space'. Another term for non-diegetic sound is commentary sound.

An example of Non-Diegetic Sound


3. You will be working in groups as part of an assignment based around sound. Those in bold will double up as head sound designer and director and have authorial control of the project. the rest of you will choose either the role of script writer, (very important in this assignment) editor or cinematographer.
Group 1- Michael Wai, Jo Jo Chan, Dimple Motwani
Group 2- Patrick Samtani, Michael Chan, Kate Latter
Group 3- Ronny Chung, Charlotte Davies, Mingky Park, Gideon Welles
Group 4- Phil Ho, Mirella Deocadiz, Isolde Tsukabayashi, Becci Dodd
Group 5- Paul Fukushima, Margaret Jung, Serena Fung
You have the choice to either produce a classic Hollywood style dialogue sequence or a realist piece adhering to the conventions of Dogma 95. The rules are as follows:
- The filming must be done in school, during class time
- You have only one 2 hours lesson to write the script
- You have only one 2 hours lesson to film your sequence which must be no more than 1 minute in length (In media res)
- You have only one 2 hours lesson to edit your finished product which must then be uploaded onto You Tube at sisfilmaker (the password is on the board in D82)
- Use the table below as a guideline as to what I expect for each production...

Hollywood	Dogma 95
Use of diegetic (folio) to bridge a change of location (Invisible editing)	Suspend disbelief through authentic dialogue
Two shot or POV	Handheld camera
Sound to cover CUT...extensive use of non-diegetic sound	Use of diegetic sound

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